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Understanding the text Check the right letter Vocabulary Match the words Comprehension check atoms atoms Vocabulary Comprehension Check the right letter |
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What do water, a rock and a dog have in common?
They are all made of matter. You are made of matter.
Everything you see or touch is matter. The whole world
around you is made of matter.
Matter is something that takes space and has mass. What is
mass? Mass is a measure of how much matter an object has.For example, a
mountain takes up space and has mass, a rock-also takes up space and has mass.
But a mountain has more mass than a rock even though
both are matter. And in the same token, a tiger and a
kitten are both matter, yet the former has more mass
than the latter In everyday life. mass is about the
same as weight, but to a
scientist mass is different weigh: The mass of an object
never changes - it is always the same, whereas the weight of an
object can change, for weight is the pull that gravity has on an
object. Gravity is a force, and it pulls matter
toward the ground. Without gravity you would float in
the air It is strongest at the center of Earth. Far
from the center, at the top of a high mountain,
gravity is weaker. If you were in a deep hole inEarth, gravity would be
strong and it would pull hard on you,that's
why you would weigh greater than you would on top of a
high mountain. Farther from Earth's
center, gravity does not
pull as hard.
A-Answer True or False:
1. You are made of matter. ............
2. A kitten is not made of matter. ..............
3. Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. ......
4. To a scientist, mass is the same as w eight. .........
5 Weight is the pull that gravity has on an object. ......
6. Gravity is strongest at the center of Earth, ...........
7- Farther from the earth's center, gravity pulls harder. ..^.....,,
1 - Anything that takes up space and has mass is .......... .
(a) gravity (b) matter (c) weight
2- The pull that gravity has on an object is the object's ......
i a) space (b) weight (c) mass
3- Everything you see or touch is ............. .
(a) gravity (b) weight (c) matter
4- Gravity is ............... at the center of Earth.
(a) strongest (b) hottest (c) weakest
5- Matter is pulled to the ground by ........... .
(a) space (b) air (c) gravity
C- Remember that gravity
is strongest at the center of Earth. For
each pair of phrases
,write
(X) where the
weight of an
object would
be greater.
1- down in a deep hole ............ .
on top of a mountain ............ .
2- in an airplane in the air ............
in an airplane on the ground .......... .
3- in a spaceship about to take off from the launching pad in a spaceship traveling in outer space ........ .
Solid
Liquid
Gas
A brick, milk, steam and lightning are all matter. But they are in different
states. Matter can exist in four different states: it exists as solid like a
brick, a liquid like milk, a gas like team or it can be plasma like lightning.
All matter is made up of tiny particles. What state the matter is in depends on
the way these particles move and are held together.
In a solid, the particles are held very close together. For this reason, solids
have a certain shape. In a liquid the particles are not held together as tightly
as in a solid. Because the particles are farther apart, liquid does not have its
own shape. On the contrary, it assumes the shape of the container you put it in.
The particles in a liquid can move around to fit any container.
Most of the matter in the universe is plasma The sun and most of the stars you
see in the sky are plasma, a state of matter that is not common on Earth.
Lightening is a kind of plasma.
A- Vocabulary; أعلى
A
B
1- plasma
a- fixed together firmly
2- tiny
b- take a shape
3- particles
c- the opposite is true
4- tightly
d- gas that contains positively and negatively
charged particles in equal numbers.
5- assumes a shape e-
very small pieces of something
6- on the contrary
f- familiar, found often
7-
common
g- remain or stay together
8- held together
h- very small
Read the text again md fill in the gaps with the
correct words.
1- MOST of the matter in the universe is ............... .
2- The panicles of a liquid can . . ..... around easily.
?- in a solid, the ............ are \ en' close together.
4- The panicles in a ........... are very far apart.
5 - Sc-lid. liquid, gas and plasma are the .......... of matter.
6- The .......... is plasma.
7- Solids always ........... a certain shape.
8- In a liquid, the particles are not.......... together as tightly
as in a solid.
9- The liquid assumes the shape of the ......... it is put in.
10- Plasma is a state of matter that is not ......... on Earth.
Everything atoms, which of
matter too under a fact, the
matter you microscope
billion atoms. Atoms are
tinier bits of kinds of
constitute the neutrons and
An oxygen atom has 8 positive protons and 8
neutrons in its nucleus, and 8 negative
electrons speeding around the nucleus.
Different atoms are
each other. contain a
number of panicles. A carbon atom, for protons, six
neutrons and six electrons, while each kind (see
is made up of are tiny
pieces small to be seen
microscope. In smallest piece of
can see under a has at least 10
made of even matter. Three
particles atom: protons,
electrons. kinds of
different from because they
different example has, six
oxygen has eight
Protons and neutrons are located in the center or nucleus of
the atom. Electrons, on the other hand, are much smaller than
protons and neutrons. They move around the nucleus at great
speeds, that's why it is impossible to tell exactly where an
electron is at any one time.
The particles contained
in atoms have different electric
charges. Electrons have a negative electric
charge, whereas
protons have a positive one, and neutrons have neither. An
atom with the same number of electrons and protons also has
no electric charge, and it is called a neutral atom.
Now the
number of protons in an atom determines its
atomic
number. Oxvgen as an element has eight
protons in the
nucleus of one of its atoms, so we say the atomic
number of
oxygen is eight.
A- Vocabulary: أعلى
- Find words and exrpressions in the text which mean:
1- very small.
2- a thousand million
3-make up.
4- are found.
5- for this reason.
6- neither positive, nor negative
7- 'opposite of''at most'.
8- central part of an atom
B- Comrehension Check: أعلى
1- Draw lines to complete the sentence:
1 atoms a- have a positive electric charge.
2 electrons b- are made of protons, neutrons and electrons
3. neutrons c- have a negative electric charge
4. protons d- have no electric charge
5. the nucleus e- is made up of protons and neutrons أعلى
2- Write the letter for the correct answer:
1. Atoms are made up of three small............. .
(a) elements (b)particles (c) electrons
2. All electrons are .................... .
(a) exactly the same (b) positive (c) different
3. Different
kinds of atoms are different from each other
because they contain a different ...............
ofparticles.
(a) size (b) number (c) speed
4. Pro'-ons and neutrons are in the center, or .................. of
the atom,
(a) nucleus (b) electrons (c) charge
5. Protons have ......
(a) negative charges (b» positive charges (c) no charge
6. Because electrons .................... it is impossible to tell
exactly where an electron is at any one time.
(a) move too slowly (b) do not move (c) move too fast
7. Neutrons have .................. charges.
(a) positive (b) negative (c) no electric